• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The subject of the invention is a thermal management method for a thermal management device, in particular for a passenger compartment of a vehicle, comprising the steps: • detection, delimitation and positioning of different parts of the body of an occupant (U), • measurements thermal or physiological quantities of different parts of the occupant's body (U) and / or the passenger compartment around the occupant (U), • establishment of several thermal comfort indices (In), each thermal comfort index (In) corresponding to one of the body parts of the occupant (U) accounting for a feeling of heat or cold at the level of the associated body part, and the absolute value of which is minimal in a comfortable situation, • regulation of the operation of a thermal management device (3) by minimizing a sum of the absolute values of the comfort indices (∑ | In |) to create a regulated thermal environment around the occupant (U).
    公开号:FR3086582A1
    申请号:FR1858850
    申请日:2018-09-27
    公开日:2020-04-03
    发明作者:Georges De Pelsemaeker；Daniel NEVEU；Lucas Trevalinet；Clement Bassignani
    申请人:Valeo Systemes Thermiques SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The present invention relates to a motor vehicle thermal management method for ventilating the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, in particular in the context of thermal management of said passenger compartment.
    The usual vehicle thermal management modules generally comprise an air blower, coupled to a thermal management circuit comprising thermal conditioning elements such as compressors, evaporators, exchangers and heating resistors. A plurality of aerators distributed in the passenger compartment then inject the air set in motion by the blower and cooled by the cold generator at various points in the passenger compartment (center console, feet of the occupants, overhead light, etc.).
    These thermal management modules emit a flow that the occupants of the passenger compartment manually direct towards their face or a specific part of their body.
    Thermal management is thus uniform whatever the size, position and build of the occupant. The only possible personalization is carried out by orientation of the guide strips of the aerators, with or without opening a window.
    The vehicle interior has significant thermal inertia, and spaces in which the occupants are not must also be cooled, while hot spots such as body parts of the occupant exposed to the sun are not specifically cooled. The comfort felt is thus reduced.
    It is known to establish a thermal model of an occupant using the Langer thermal model (also called PMV / PPD model) based on statistical studies of feelings of comfort, and to regulate the conditioning power according to thermal quantities or physiological measured by sensors, such as the temperature at different points on the face, the temperature of the passenger compartment, etc. and control the power of the air conditioning accordingly.
    However, thermal comfort remains only partial, and is not necessarily felt in the same way depending on the condition and the morphology of the occupant of the passenger compartment.
    In order to at least partially solve the previously mentioned problem,
    The subject of the invention is a thermal management method for a thermal management device, in particular for a passenger compartment of a vehicle, comprising the steps:
    • detection, delimitation and positioning of different parts of an occupant's body, • measurements of thermal or physiological quantities of different parts of the occupant's body and / or of the passenger compartment around the occupant, • establishment of several indices of thermal comfort, each thermal comfort index corresponding to one of the body parts of the occupant reflecting a feeling of heat or cold at the level of the associated body part, and the absolute value of which is minimum in a situation of comfort, • regulation of the operation of a thermal management device by minimizing a sum of the absolute values of the comfort indices to create a regulated thermal environment around the occupant.
    The thermal regulation process thus makes it possible to optimize the thermal feeling dynamically, and to optimize the distribution of air conditioning on the various parts of the body of the occupant of the vehicle.
    The method may also have one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in combination.
    The regulation of the thermal device can comprise the regulation of at least one of the following parameters: temperature, flow rate, orientation, form of at least one stream of conditioned air coming from an aerator in the passenger compartment.
    In the sum of the absolute values of the comfort indices, the comfort index of each part of the body can be weighted by a morphological weighting coefficient taking into account at least one of the following parameters: the total surface of the part of the body, the total volume of the body part, the surface / volume ratio of the body part, the vascular density of the body part, the density of innervation of the body part.
    The comfort index for each part of the body can also be weighted by
    -3 a contextual weighting coefficient taking into account at least one of the following parameters: the dynamics of variation of the index over the previous instants, the distance of the index from its value 0 at equilibrium.
    This aims to amplify the contribution of a part of the body in the overall feeling of comfort, according to the imbalance or local variations observed which can act in a non-linear way.
    The method can also include the steps:
    • isolate the parts of the body for which the thermal comfort index indicates maximum discomfort, • regulate the distribution of conditioned air so as to concentrate the stream (s) of conditioned air on the parts of the body where discomfort is maximum decreasing the portion of the air flow (s) directed to other parts of the body.
    The thermal management device can comprise at least one aerator, the orientation of which over time is controlled so that a flow of air from said aerator describes oscillations passing successively over different parts of the occupant's body and in this that the movement of the aerator is slowed down around the parts of the body whose thermal comfort index is of significant absolute value compared to the other parts of the body.
    The sum of the thermal comfort indices may also include an energy weighting term, positive and increasing with the total power consumed to create the regulated thermal environment around the occupant.
    The sum of the thermal comfort indices may also include an acoustic weighting term, positive and increasing with the acoustic noise generated during the creation of the regulated thermal environment around the occupant.
    The thermal or physiological parameters for the various parts of the body of the occupant and / or of the passenger compartment may include one or more of the following parameters: a surface temperature of at least one of the parts of the body of the occupant, a cabin temperature, the presence or absence of clothing on a
    -4 part of the occupant's body, the heat dissipated by a part of the occupant's body.
    The different parts of the occupant's body located and delimited may include at least two of the following: head, neck and throat, neck, left and right arms, left and right forearms, hands, torso, abdomen, left and right thighs, legs and calves left and right, feet, seat and back of the occupant. The face can also be cut into two areas to better manage exposure to the sun.
    The step of estimating a thermal or physiological quantity may include the steps • taking pictures of the passenger compartment at the level of expected positions of body parts of the occupant by means of far infrared cameras, • delimitation and positioning of hot or cold spots corresponding to parts of the occupant's body in the shots, and in that the step of regulating the thermal conditioning device comprises a step of concentrating the stream or streams of conditioned air on hot or cold spots detected.
    The process can include the steps:
    • measurement or estimation of the heat produced or provided by metabolic activity in the different parts of the body, and which will be exchanged with the external environment, as well as the heat possibly absorbed by solar radiation, • measurement or estimation of the rate of covering by clothing of the various parts of the body and of the thermal resistance associated with this clothing on each part of the body, • estimation of the dimensions of the various parts of the body of the occupant, and estimation of the heat exchange surface with the environment of each body part of the occupant from correlations, tables and estimated dimensions, • estimation of a surface temperature of the different body parts of
    -5the occupant, by direct measurement or by combination of the estimates of the heat produced, brought or absorbed on each part of the body, as well as the coverage rate and the thermal resistance of the associated clothing, • measurement or estimate of a temperature and air speed of the passenger compartment in the vicinity of each part of the body, • measurement or estimation of the radiative impact of the surfaces of the passenger compartment opposite each part of the body, • calculation of the heat flux which can be exchanged at a comfort temperature on each part of the body from the various preceding elements, • calculation of the thermal comfort indices of the body parts from the difference between the heat flux that can be exchanged at a comfort temperature of reference on each of said parts of the body and of the heat flux produced, supplied or absorbed on each part of the body.
    The invention also relates to the thermal management system for the passenger compartment of an associated vehicle, comprising:
    • a thermal management device, • at least one camera, taking images of the space of the passenger compartment in which the body of the occupant is expected, • at least one sensor of one or more thermal or physiological quantities d 'one or more parts of the occupant's body, relating to a state of thermal comfort of said occupant, • a control unit configured to:
    delimit and position different parts of the occupant's body in the passenger compartment of the vehicle from images taken by the camera, establish several thermal comfort indices, each thermal comfort index corresponding to one of the occupant's body parts making account for a sensation of heat or cold in the associated part of the body, the absolute value of which is minimal in a situation of
    -6comfort, regulation of the operation of a thermal management device by minimizing a sum of the absolute values of the comfort indices to create a regulated thermal environment around the occupant.
    The camera can then be a near infrared camera, and in that the thermal or physiological magnitude sensors include a far infrared camera.
    The thermal management device can also include:
    • a blower, producing a flow of air flow controlled by the control unit, • a thermal conditioner, conditioning the air flow produced by the blower according to a set temperature controlled by the control unit, • at minus an aerator, emitting in the passenger compartment an air flow according to an orientation and a shape controlled by the control unit.
    The device may further comprise a seat heating device and / or a vehicle steering wheel heating device, the power of which is controlled by the control unit as a function of the thermal comfort index of at least one part. of the occupier’s body.
    Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description, given by way of illustrative and nonlimiting example, and of the appended drawings among which:
    Figure 1 schematically shows a vehicle interior, with a thermal management module, Figure 2 shows schematically the thermal management system according to a particular embodiment of the invention, Figure 3 is a flowchart showing the main steps of the process according to the invention,
    FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an aerator for a thermal management device usable for the method according to the invention.
    The embodiments described with reference to the figures are examples. Although the description refers to one or more embodiments, this does not necessarily mean that each reference relates to the same embodiment, or that the characteristics apply only to a single embodiment. Simple features of different embodiments can also be combined to provide other embodiments.
    The terms such as first and second used below are given for simple referencing without indicating any preference or particular order of assembly.
    A number of position qualifiers such as above or below, etc. are also used in connection with the figures. These qualifiers are defined from the figures, but the final arrangement of the elements may be different with regard to gravity.
    FIG. 1 schematically represents a passenger compartment of a vehicle, with an occupant U (here in particular the driver) of the vehicle, seated in a seat.
    A thermal management system 100 produces and directs an air flow in the direction of parts of the specific body of the occupant U of the vehicle, here in particular his head and his shoulders.
    The thermal management system 100 comprises a detection module 1 and a thermal management module 3, of which only aerators 13 are represented in FIG. 1, in the central position on the dashboard P. These elements are represented diagrammatically outside the passenger compartment in Figure 2.
    The aerators 13 emit a flow of conditioned air generated by a thermal management module 3. Other aerators 13 are for example arranged at the lateral ends of the dashboard P, at the feet and legs of each occupant U , at the level of the vehicle ceiling light, on a rear portion of a central column etc.
    The orientation of the aerators 13 is in particular controlled by actuation of
    -8 electric motors.
    Document EP 2 258 571 in the name of the applicant describes for example a thermal management module 3 provided with an evaporator for the generation of cold.
    The detection module 1 comprises a plurality of sensors 1 directed towards positions expected from the occupants U of the vehicle, here for example the driver and / or passengers (front and / or rear) of the vehicle. The detection module collects thermal and physiological quantities relating to different parts of the body of each occupant U. The detection module 1 is in particular integrated in a ceiling of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, at the level of sun flaps.
    The detection module 1 can in particular comprise cameras, in particular infrared cameras, which take images in the infrared domain. The cameras of the detection module 1 are in particular directed towards the expected positions of the vehicle occupants: driver's seat, passenger seat, rear seat, etc. In particular, one or more very wide angle cameras (in particular of the fisheye or fish eye type in French) can cover several positions simultaneously.
    These cameras can advantageously include near infrared cameras (NIR for Near Infrared in English, wavelength on the order of one micrometer), and far infrared cameras (HR for Ear InfraRed in English, wavelength of 1 '' order of ten micrometers).
    The near infrared camera is used to take grayscale shots of the interior of the cabin. The far infrared camera is used to estimate the temperature of different portions of the passenger compartment, and in particular of the passenger compartment walls and body parts of occupant U.
    Far infrared camera images can in particular be used to isolate certain parts of the body of occupant U and / or to detect the presence or absence of a layer of clothing on one or more parts of the body of the occupying.
    The images from nearby infrared cameras can in particular be used to delimit the position and dimensions of different parts of the body of an occupant U of the vehicle. Corresponding wavelength diodes (near infrared)
    -9 can in particular illuminate the passenger compartment for taking pictures.
    The images from far infrared cameras can in particular be used to identify the parts of the occupant's body exchanging the most heat with the passenger compartment, for example here the head and the hands, hatched in FIG. 1, which are not covered clothes and will appear warmer.
    The sensors 1 of the thermal management system 100 can in particular include other sensors of the vehicle, such as sensors for the open or closed state of windows or of the window (doors, sunroof, etc.) of the vehicle, sensors of pressure at the seats, temperature or heat flow sensors at the occupant seat, a temperature or heat flow sensor at the steering wheel of the vehicle, sweating sensors detecting the presence of drops of sweat on at least one of the occupant's body parts, an occupant breathing rate sensor, an occupant heart rate sensor.
    To estimate a position in space of different parts of the body of the occupant (s) U. The sensors 1 may in particular comprise cameras establishing a stereoscopic image of the occupant (s) U, emitters of structured light or three-dimensional time-of-flight cameras (3D ToL for three dimensional time of flight in English), ultrasonic transmitters / receivers, a lidar or capacitive sensors. In addition, the sensors may include thermometers placed at different points in the passenger compartment, pressure sensors integrated into the seats (used in particular in the context of detection of non-attached passengers), seat position sensors.
    The detection module 1 is in particular placed at the level of the vehicle ceiling light, and can be concealed from the view of the occupant U by being covered by an opaque cover in the visible spectral range, but transparent to the radiation used by the sensors 1 (infrared , radio waves, etc.)
    A part of the sensors of the detection module 1 can be shared with other functional modules of the vehicle. For example one or more of the infrared cameras can be used for example in the context of a detector of the driver's level of attention to avoid reductions in alertness and falling asleep. One or more of the three-dimensional cameras can be used in the frame
    -10d gesture detection interface.
    A simple oversizing, for example of the angle of view or of the resolution, can then make a camera of another functional module suitable for use according to the invention. We can then save in cost and space by adding additional sensors.
    A control unit 5 establishes a thermal profile for different parts of the body of the occupant (s) U, from images taken by the camera (s). Said thermal profile notably includes all the parameters and quantities influencing the state and the thermal feeling of the occupant (s) U.
    The control unit 5 comprises in particular a memory unit and calculation means for storing the images and parameters measured or estimated by the sensors and establishing therefrom a thermal profile. This memory unit and the calculation means can in particular be shared in the context of vehicle on-board electronics controlling other components of the vehicle, or else located in a dedicated logic module.
    The control unit 5 is connected to the thermal management module 3. The thermal management module 3 comprises for example a blower 7, which generates an air flow. The thermal management module 3 also includes one or more conditioning devices 9, for example a heat exchanger or an electrical resistance, through which the air flow generated by the blower 7 passes.
    The flow of conditioned air is then directed to an air distribution device 11, comprising for example the aerators 13, and one or more flaps upstream of the aerators 13, distributing the air flow between said different aerators 13.
    The control unit 5 controls in particular the power of the blower 7, the power and / or a set temperature of the conditioning device 9 and the air distribution device 11.
    The control unit 5 uses in particular shape and contour recognition algorithms to create, from data from the detection module 1, a thermal profile I n and a set of spatial coordinates xyz n for each of the parts of the body. of occupant (s) U.
    -11 For example the index h can be associated with the head or the face. The xyzi coordinates then contain the position in the space of the passenger compartment of various notable points of the head of the occupant U (chin, vertex, temples etc.). The index h can be associated with the whole neck, throat and shoulders, and so on for the other indices.
    The control unit 5 is in particular configured to detect, segment and position the body of each occupant U in several parts, corresponding in particular to different members of the occupant (s). A schematic outline of the human body is represented in FIG. 2, or an example of cutting is represented by dotted frames framing a portion of the body represented. The cut-out depicted distinguishes in particular: the head, the neck with the throat and shoulders, the torso, the abdomen, the left and right arms, the left and right hands, the left and right legs, the left and right feet.
    Other parts of the body can be distinguished such as the nape of the neck separately, the back, one or more fingers, the face, portions of the face, etc.
    Other, more complex cuts can be made, for example by distinguishing the arms of the forearms, the calves and thighs, different parts of the head etc. Conversely, by grouping neighboring parts of the body a less complex cut is obtained, for example, one can define the trunk by grouping the torso, abdomen and the shoulders / neck assembly.
    For each part of the body, the control unit 5 collects data from the sensors of the detection module 1 such as the surface temperature or the dissipated heat flux (from the intensity of the far infrared thermal radiation for example ), the presence or absence of clothing covering the body portion, the presence and intensity of any solar radiation incident on the body part, proximity to an open window, etc.
    From this data, the control unit 5 establishes several thermal comfort index / n each representative of the thermal comfort felt in one of the body parts of the occupant U, whose zero or low absolute value indicates a high thermal comfort, while a large absolute value indicates discomfort.
    The thermal comfort index I n also takes into account the temperature and
    -12the intensity of the conditioned air flow distributed over the part of the body considered.
    Analogously to the Fanger thermal model, said index I n can for example vary from -3 to +3, the value 0 representing a situation of thermal equilibrium (taking into account the metabolic energy to be evacuated) where a predetermined portion of a sample of users feels significant thermal comfort on the part of the body considered. The positive values (from 0 to +3) then represent situations of feeling of heat, of increasing intensity with the deviation from the value 0. The negative values (from 0 to -3) representing situations of feeling of cold, increasing in intensity with the deviation from the value 0.
    The control unit 5 will then regulate the operation of the thermal management module 3 by taking into account the thermal comfort indices of the body parts to create a thermal environment around the occupant by minimizing a sum of the absolute values of the indices of comfort ΣΙ ^ ηΙIn particular, this sum ΣΙ ^ Ι can be compared to a threshold S. If ^ | / n | <S no modification to the operation of the thermal management device is triggered. If ^ | / n | > S, the control unit will regulate the operation of the thermal management device to reduce the sum ΣΙ ^ ηΙThe coordinates xyz n of the body parts of the occupant U, can in particular be used to determine or contain directly an estimate of the dimensions of the part of the body concerned (of index n). From said dimensions and stored tables, the control unit 5 can then determine a morphological model of the occupant, and consequently estimate the surface, the volume or the mass (and therefore the surface / volume ratio) of the part of the body concerned.
    The tables can then contain models of distribution of the density of vascularization and nerve endings in the different parts of the body. For example, we know that the subcutaneous adipose mass is poorly vascularized and poorly innervated. The advantage of directing a flow of hot or cold air over a surface of the body covered with adipose mass is then limited, unlike for example the hands and in particular the fingers. The hands and fingers have high surfaces of heat exchange with the surrounding environment while being highly vascularized and innervated. Likewise, the back of an occupant, although it has a large apparent surface area,
    -13 has few nerve endings.
    Weighting coefficients a n are then associated with the thermal comfort index I n of each part of the body, the control unit 5 will then adapt the operation of the thermal management device to minimize the sum of the absolute values of the comfort indices weighted thermal I n of the weighting coefficient associated with n :
    FIG. 3 is a schematic flow diagram illustrating the method 200 of associated thermal management.
    The first step 201 is to take pictures of the expected positions of the occupant (s) of the vehicle, for example the seats possibly occupied (driver and passengers) by means, in particular of near and far infrared cameras. The images are then sent to the control unit 5. The body parts of the occupant U, in particular if they are not covered with clothing, can in particular be identified in the form of hot spots or zones by means of infrared cameras. distant.
    The data from other sensors of the detection module 1 are then also sent to the control unit 5.
    The second step 203 is the creation of a three-dimensional and morphological model of the occupant (s), by segmenting the parts of their bodies on the visible images.
    The third step 205 is the calculation of the thermal comfort indices I n and any morphological weighting coefficients a n are also calculated from data from the sensors and images from the infrared cameras.
    For example, the calculation of the thermal comfort indices I n can be done by measuring:
    a surface temperature of the different parts of the body, one or more temperatures of the passenger compartment in the area surrounding said parts of the body, then by calculating the heat flow evacuated by each of the parts of the body of the occupant from the estimated dimensions (possibly with tables
    -14 previously mentioned) and previously mentioned temperatures.
    The heat flow evacuated can also be calculated by evaluating the heat produced, supplied or absorbed in each part of the body due to metabolic activity and sunlight.
    The calculation of the thermal comfort indices I n of the different parts of the body is then done by comparing the calculated heat flux and a reference value corresponding to a situation of thermal comfort.
    The sum ΣαηΙ / ηΙ of the absolute values of the thermal comfort indices l n , possibly weighted by the morphological weighting coefficients associated with n is then compared to a threshold S.
    If Σ α ηΙΙηΙ <S, the control unit waits for a predetermined time interval dt and the process is repeated from the first step 201. As an alternative, the return to the first step 201 can be done when an abrupt change parameters measured continuously is observed, for example if the occupant changes position (difference in images from the cameras) or if the vehicle leaves a tunnel on a sunny day (increase in the brightness of the images from the cameras).
    If ^ | / n | > S, the control unit 5 adapts in step 207 the operation of the thermal management module 3 according to predetermined methods from data from the sensors. The adaptation of the operation of the thermal management module 3 may in particular include the adjustment of parameters such as the temperature, the flow rate, the orientation and the shape of one or more of the conditioned air flows emitted by the aerators 13 in the passenger compartment.
    The method 200 is then repeated from the first step 201 after the predetermined time interval dt or when an abrupt change in the measured parameters is detected.
    To regulate the operation of the thermal management module 3 and adapt the temperature or the flow rate of the air flow, the control unit 5 can in particular modify the operating power of the blower 7 and of the conditioning device 9, or else switch the conditioning device from cooling operation (evaporator) to heating operation mode (resistors
    -15electric).
    FIG. 4 briefly illustrates an aerator 13 of an air distribution device 11, produced in the form of a grid with movable slats or louvers.
    The aerator 13 comprises in particular several strips 15 aligned along their width. Said strips 15 serve, during the operation of the thermal management module 3, to deliver a laminar conditioned air flow.
    The lamellae 15 are movable in rotation along an axis of rotation A relative to a frame 17 carrying them. The rotation of the strips 15 is used for example to change the direction of the air flow along a horizontal right-left axis (relative to the usual direction of travel of the vehicle considered on a horizontal surface).
    The frame 17 is movable in tilting along a tilting axis B perpendicular to the axis of rotation A and substantially parallel to the alignment of the slats 15. The tilting of the frame 17 is used for example to change the direction of the air flow according to a vertical axis high down.
    The control unit 5 can in particular be connected to electric motors controlling the rotation of the slats 15 and the tilting of the frame 17. To adapt the operation of the thermal management device 3, the control unit 5 can then change the direction of the air flow by actuating said electric motors, and thus concentrating the distribution of conditioned air on the body parts of the occupants having a thermal comfort index of great absolute value and therefore maximum discomfort. We are looking for the minimum of the sum of the absolute values.
    By changing the alignment of the lamellae 15 (converging or diverging), the shape of the air flow can also be modified (converging or diverging air flow).
    In the case of a thermal management module 3 having a large number of aerators 13, the control unit 5 can isolate the parts of the body of the occupant U whose comfort index I n is of maximum absolute value , and concentrate the air flows from one or more aerators 13 on said parts of the body or discomfort is maximum, in particular by degrading the amount of air directed towards the other parts of the body of occupant U.
    According to another embodiment, the control unit 5 actuates the motors
    -16 to have oscillations in the air flow, for example circular, polygonal or ovaloid, described successively passing over different parts of the body of occupant U. The control unit 5 can then slow down the movement of the rotation motors and tilting when the aerators 13 are directed at a part of the body whose thermal comfort index I n is of significant absolute value compared to the other indices I n of the other parts of the body, so as to maintain the flow of conditioned air more long time on said part of the body where discomfort is significant.
    Conversely, the control unit 5 can accelerate the movement of the rotation and tilting motors when the aerators 13 are directed at a part of the body of the occupant U whose thermal comfort index I n is sufficiently close from zero.
    Alternatively, the control unit 5 can calculate an average comfort index lo and compare the index I n of each part of the body with this average index lo. The control unit 5 can then redirect the flow of the parts of the body of index I n of absolute value lower than that of the average index lo towards the parts of the body of index I n of absolute value greater than that of l 'average index lo.
    With a view to saving energy, which is particularly important in the case of an electric vehicle, the control unit 5 can be configured to execute a step of estimating the power required by the operating mode of the management module. thermal 3, and an additional step of minimizing said total power can be incorporated in the step of regulating the thermal management module 3.
    For example, a positive and increasing term P to t with the total power consumed can be added to the sum. This term P to t of power can in particular be weighted by a weighting factor p whose value is modified according to a setpoint modified by the occupant U, in particular by means of an interface indicating several power levels.
    The thermal management process then provides for the minimization of the sum:
    + pP early
    If the occupant selects a large setpoint power, for example by selecting a value 3 on a staggered interface from 0 to 3, (0 corresponding to a system 100 off), the weighting factor p is of low value, or even zero.
    -17The optimization of the operation of the thermal management device 3 by the control unit 5 is then done with little or no consideration of power. The final air flow generated will have a large average flow rate, with a higher or lower temperature depending on whether the thermal management device operates as a heat extractor or heating.
    Conversely, if the occupant selects a low setpoint power, for example by selecting a value 1, the weighting factor p is of significant value: the term pPtot then quickly becomes preponderant in the sum mentioned above. The optimization of the operation of the thermal management device 3 by the control unit 5 then takes the total power into account in a significant manner. The final air flow generated will on average have a lower flow rate, with a temperature closer to that of the passenger compartment, in particular compared to the previous case (low p).
    Similarly, a step of reducing the noise generated by the thermal management device 3 can be implemented, in particular by adding a positive and increasing term A with the noise generated by the operating mode of the thermal management device 3 in the sum to minimize. This term A can again be weighted by a coefficient a of modifiable value to favor either silent operation (a high value) or a significant thermal management power (a low value or zero).
    The thermal management process then provides for the minimization of the sum:
    TfiAPh + pP early Ί aA or, to optimize the noise only (without power considerations):
    + ClA
    If the thermal management device 3 also includes a vehicle steering wheel heating device, its operating power is advantageously controlled by the control unit 5 as a function of the thermal comfort index I n of the hands or arms of occupant U.
    Similarly, if the thermal management device also includes a seat heating device, its power is controlled by the control unit 5 as a function of
    The thermal comfort index I n of at least one part of the body of the occupant U such as the back, the torso or the abdomen of the occupant U.
    The method and the thermal management system 100 according to the invention make it possible to improve and individualize the thermal comfort in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. In particular, by allowing optimal distribution of air flows in the passenger compartment, at a given thermal regulation power, the method according to the invention makes it possible to offer occupants an improved thermal feeling, while potentially improving energy consumption. to feel equal.
    The device according to the invention, and in particular the detection module, includes a large number of sensors which are already present in vehicles, and used in the context of other functional modules such as modules for detecting a decrease in alertness, gesture detection interfaces, non-attached occupant detection modules, etc. The additional cost caused by the implementation of the device according to the invention is therefore limited.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. A thermal management method for a thermal management device, in particular for a vehicle interior, comprising the steps:
    • detection, delimitation and positioning of different parts of an occupant's body (U), • measurements of thermal or physiological quantities of different parts of the occupant's body (U) and / or of the passenger compartment around the occupant ([/), • establishment of several thermal comfort indices (In), each thermal comfort index (In) corresponding to one of the body parts of the occupant (U) reflecting a sensation of heat or cold at the level of the associated body part, the absolute value of which is minimum in a comfort situation, • regulation of the operation of a thermal management device (3) by minimizing a sum of the absolute values of the comfort indices (ΣΙ ^ ηΙ ) to create a regulated thermal environment around the occupant (U).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the sum of the absolute values of the comfort indices (In), the comfort index of each part of the body is weighted by a morphological weighting coefficient (an) taking into has at least one of the following parameters: the total surface area of the body part, the total volume of the body part, the surface / volume ratio of the body part, the vascular density of the body part, the density d innervation of the body part.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the steps:
    • isolate the parts of the body whose thermal comfort index (In) indicates maximum discomfort,
    -20 • regulate the distribution of air conditioning so as to concentrate the air stream (s) on the parts of the body where discomfort is maximum by reducing the portion of the air stream (s) directed to the other parts of the body. body.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal management device (3) comprises at least one aerator (13), the orientation of which over time is controlled so that an air flow from said aerator (13) describes oscillations passing successively over different parts of the occupant's body (i /) and in that the movement of the aerator (13) is slowed down around the parts of the body whose comfort index thermal (/ „) is of significant absolute value compared to other parts of the body.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sum QjILI) of the thermal comfort indices (In) further comprises an energy weighting term (Ptot), positive and increasing with the total power consumed to create l regulated thermal environment around the occupant (U).
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sum (ΣΙ ^ ηΙ) of the thermal comfort indices (In) further comprises an acoustic weighting term (A), positive and increasing with the acoustic noise generated when creating the regulated thermal environment around the occupant (U).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal or physiological parameters for the different parts of the occupant's body (U) and / or the passenger compartment include one or more of the following parameters: a temperature surface area of at least one part of the occupant's body, temperature of the passenger compartment, the presence or absence of clothing on a part of the occupant's body, the heat dissipated by a part of the occupant's body the occupant.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the step of estimating a thermal or physiological quantity comprises the steps • taking pictures of the passenger compartment at the level of expected positions of body parts of the body. occupant by means of far infrared cameras, • delimitation and positioning of hot spots corresponding to parts of the occupant's body in the shots, and in that the step of regulating the thermal conditioning device includes a step of concentration of the conditioned air stream (s) on the detected hot spots.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. A thermal management method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the steps:
    • measurement or estimation of the heat produced or provided by metabolic activity in the different parts of the body, and which will be exchanged with the external environment, as well as the heat possibly absorbed by solar radiation • measurement or estimation of the coverage rate by clothing of the various parts of the body and the thermal resistance associated with this clothing on each part of the body • estimation of the dimensions of the various parts of the body of the occupant, and estimation of the heat exchange surface with the environment of each of the occupant's body parts from correlations, tables and estimated dimensions, • estimation of a surface temperature of the various parts of the occupant's body, by direct measurement or by combining estimates of the heat produced , added or absorbed on each part of the body, as well as the coverage rate and the thermal resistance of the ’Associated clothing • measure or estimate a temperature and air speed of the passenger compartment in the vicinity of each part of the body, • measure or estimate the radiative impact of the passenger compartment surfaces in
    -22 look at each part of the body, • calculation of the heat flow that can be exchanged at a comfortable temperature on each part of the body from the various preceding elements • calculation of the thermal comfort indices of the parts of the body from the difference between the heat flow which can be exchanged at a reference comfort temperature on each of said parts of the body and the heat flow produced, supplied or absorbed on each part of the body.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Thermal management system for a passenger compartment, comprising:
    • a thermal management device (3), • at least one camera, taking images of the space of the passenger compartment in which the body of the occupant (U) is awaited, • at least one sensor of one or several thermal or physiological quantities of one or more parts of the occupant's body (U), relating to a state of thermal comfort of said occupant (i /), • a control unit (5) configured for:
    delimit and position different parts of the occupant's body (U) in the passenger compartment of the vehicle from images taken by the camera, establish several thermal comfort indices (/ „), each thermal comfort index (/„) corresponding to one of the body parts of the occupant (U) accounting for a sensation of heat or cold at the level of the associated body part, and the absolute value of which is minimum in a comfort situation, regulation of the functioning of a thermal management device (3) by minimizing a sum of the absolute values of the comfort indices (ΣΙ ^ Ι) to create a regulated thermal environment around the occupant (i /).
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2020065218A1|2020-04-02|
    US20210394584A1|2021-12-23|
    EP3856554A1|2021-08-04|
    JP2022501261A|2022-01-06|
    FR3086582B1|2020-12-18|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP2258571A1|2009-06-05|2010-12-08|Valeo Systèmes Thermiques|Heat exchange device andthermal management system|
    US20170341485A1|2016-05-31|2017-11-30|Panasonic Corporation|Method for estimating thermal sensation, thermal sensation estimation apparatus, air conditioner, and recording medium|
    US20170368907A1|2016-06-24|2017-12-28|Panasonic Corporation|Method for estimating thermal sensation, thermal sensation estimation apparatus, air conditioner, and recording medium|WO2022039866A1|2020-08-20|2022-02-24|Gentherm Incorporated|Method and system using machine learning algorithm for controlling thermal comfort|
    DE102020109353A1|2020-04-03|2021-10-07|Esg Mobility Gmbh|Device and method for adaptive control of an air flow of an air conditioning system in a vehicle|
    法律状态:
    2019-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-04-03| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20200403 |
    2020-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-09-30| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1858850A|FR3086582B1|2018-09-27|2018-09-27|THERMAL MANAGEMENT PROCESS FOR A THERMAL MANAGEMENT DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR FOR A VEHICLE INTERIOR|FR1858850A| FR3086582B1|2018-09-27|2018-09-27|THERMAL MANAGEMENT PROCESS FOR A THERMAL MANAGEMENT DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR FOR A VEHICLE INTERIOR|
    PCT/FR2019/052263| WO2020065218A1|2018-09-27|2019-09-25|Heat control method for a heat control device, particularly for a vehicle interior|
    US17/279,366| US20210394584A1|2018-09-27|2019-09-25|Heat control method for a heat control device, particularly for a vehicle interior|
    EP19795270.8A| EP3856554A1|2018-09-27|2019-09-25|Heat control method for a heat control device, particularly for a vehicle interior|
    JP2021517388A| JP2022501261A|2018-09-27|2019-09-25|Thermal control method for thermal control devices, especially for passenger compartments|
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